{"id":1964,"date":"2014-05-23T20:14:00","date_gmt":"2014-05-23T12:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.yewen.us\/blog\/?page_id=1964"},"modified":"2014-05-27T10:18:10","modified_gmt":"2014-05-27T02:18:10","slug":"work","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.yewen.us\/blog\/work\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5de5\u4f5c\u7b14\u8bb0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

vimrc<\/h2>\n
set nocompatible \" \u975e vi \u517c\u5bb9\u6a21\u5f0f\nsyntax on \" \u8272\u5f69\u9ad8\u4eae\nset number \" \u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570\nset ruler \" \u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e8e\u53f3\u4e0b\u89d2\nset backspace=2 \" \u8bbe\u7f6e backspace \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\nset showmatch \" \u663e\u793a\u914d\u5bf9\u62ec\u53f7\nset incsearch \" \u589e\u91cf\u67e5\u627e\nset hlsearch\nset ai \" \u667a\u80fd\u7f29\u8fdb\nset si \" \u667a\u80fd\u7f29\u8fdb\nset cindent \" \u667a\u80fd\u7f29\u8fdb\nset tabstop=4 \" Tab \u5bbd\u5ea6\nset softtabstop=4 \" Tab \u5bbd\u5ea6\nset shiftwidth=4 \" Tab \u5bbd\u5ea6\nset expandtab \" \u8f93\u5165\u7684 tab(t) \u5747\u4e0d\u4fdd\u6301\u4e3a tab \u800c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7a7a\u683c\nset fileencodings=ucs-bom,utf-8,cp936,gb18030,big5,euc-jp,sjis,euc-kr,ucs-2le,latin1 \"\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\nset encoding=utf-8\nset statusline=%F%m%r%h%w [FORMAT=%{&ff}] [TYPE=%Y] [POS=%04l,%04v][%p%%] [LEN=%L] \" \u72b6\u6001\u680f\u683c\u5f0f\nset laststatus=2 \" \u4e00\u76f4\u663e\u793a\u72b6\u6001\u680f\n\n\" \u63d2\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f\u5207\u6362\nmap <F7> :set paste!<BAr>set paste?<CR>\n\n\" \u591a Tab \u65f6\u7ffb\u9875\nmap <silent> <F6> :tabnext<CR>\nimap <silent> <F6> <Esc>:tabnext<CR>gi\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
tmux<\/h2>\n
tmux<\/code> \u7c7b\u4f3c screen<\/code>, \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ec8\u7aef\u5229\u5668<\/p>\n
tmux source ~\/.tmux.conf # \u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u52a0 ~\/, \u5426\u5219 tmux source \u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
tmux.conf<\/h3>\n
set -g default-terminal \"screen-256color\"\n\nbind-key -n F8 new-window\nbind-key -n F9 command-prompt 'rename-window %%'\nbind-key -n F10 detach\nbind-key -n F11 previous-window\nbind-key -n F12 next-window\n\nbind-key b send-prefix\n\nset-window-option -g mode-keys vi\nbind-key -t vi-copy 'v' begin-selection # Begin selection in copy mode.\nbind-key -t vi-copy 'C-v' rectangle-toggle # Begin selection in copy mode.\nbind-key -t vi-copy 'y' copy-selection # Yank selection in copy mode.\n\nset-window-option -g window-status-current-fg brightyellow\nset -g status-right \"#h %Y-%m-%d %H:%M\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Linux \u57fa\u672c\u547d\u4ee4\u7b14\u8bb0<\/h2>\n
\u672c\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u6765\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u6559\u7a0b, \u540e\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u516c\u5f00\u51fa\u6765\u4e5f\u8bb8\u66f4\u597d. \u5bf9 Linux \u5e38\u89c1\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u8bf4\u660e, \u6bcf\u884c\u7528 # \u505a\u5355\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca. \u53ea\u6d89\u53ca\u4e86\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u7684\u547d\u4ee4, \u7c7b\u4f3c passwd<\/code> \u548c su<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u6ca1\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86. \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8bf4\u660e, \u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6587\u6863\u7f51\u4e0a\u4e00\u641c\u4e00\u5927\u628a, \u6216\u8005\u76f4\u63a5 man<\/code> \u4e00\u4e0b. \u540c\u6837\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u533a\u522b (\u6bd4\u5982 rename<\/code> \u5728 Ubuntu \u548c RedHat \u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837), \u8bf7\u4ee5\u5b9e\u9645\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u51c6.<\/p>\n
\u7cfb\u7edf\u57fa\u672c\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n
man<\/h4>\n
man command     # \u67e5\u770b command \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n  \u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u547d\u4ee4, \u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e86\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5 man<\/code> \u4e00\u4e0b\u770b\u5e2e\u52a9. \u6216\u8005\u7528 command --help<\/code> \u770b\u7b80\u8981\u5e2e\u52a9\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
date<\/h4>\n
\u67e5\u770b\/\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n
date            # \u5217\u4e3e\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\ndate +%Y%m%d    # \u5217\u4e3e\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a YYYYmmdd \u7684\u683c\u5f0f, \u5177\u4f53\u683c\u5f0f\u8bf4\u660e\u8bf7 man date\ndate MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]  # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a CCYY \u5e74 MM \u6708 DD \u65e5 hh \u65f6 mm \u5206 ss \u79d2\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 -d<\/code> \u67e5\u770b\u76f8\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n
date -d \"today\"     # \u67e5\u770b STRING \u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u65f6\u95f4, \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 today, now, yesterday, tomorror \u7b49\u82f1\u6587\u8bed\u6cd5\ndate -d \"1 day ago\" # \u67e5\u770b\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u95f4, \u63cf\u8ff0\u5355\u4f4d\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f second, minute, hour, day, week, month, year\ndate -d \"2 week next 20110523\" # \u67e5\u770b\u76f8\u5bf9\u67d0\u65f6\u523b\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4, \u6bd4\u8f83\u5173\u7cfb\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f ago, next\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
df<\/h4>\n
df    # \u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u72b6\u51b5\ndf -h # \u4f7f\u7528 B\/K\/M\/G\/T \u7b49\u5bb9\u91cf\u53cb\u597d\u65b9\u5f0f\u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u72b6\u51b5\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
du<\/h4>\n
du      # \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u5927\u5c0f\ndu -h   # \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u5927\u5c0f, \u5bb9\u91cf\u7528 B\/K\/M\/G\/T \u7b49\u53cb\u597d\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\ndu -sh  # \u4ec5\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5927\u5c0f, \u5bb9\u91cf\u7528 B\/K\/M\/G\/T \u7b49\u53cb\u597d\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\ndu -sh \/home\/yewen\/*   # \u663e\u793a \/home\/yewen\/* \u8fd9\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
chmod<\/h4>\n
chmod 755 filea   # \u4fee\u6539 filea \u7684\u6743\u9650\u4e3a 755 (rwxr-xr-x)\nchmod -x filea    # \u53d6\u6d88 filea \u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\nchmod +w filea    # \u589e\u52a0 filea \u6709\u53ef\u5199\u6743\u9650\nchmod -R 755 dira # \u4fee\u6539\u76ee\u5f55 dira \u53ca\u5176\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\/\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u4e3a 755\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
top<\/h4>\n
\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u5165 top<\/code> \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u673a\u5668\u7684\u72b6\u6001, \u6309\u7279\u5b9a\u53c2\u6570\u6392\u5e8f (\u5982 CPU \u5360\u7528, \u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u7b49). \u914d\u7f6e ~\/.toprc<\/code> \u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u663e\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f (\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 top \u754c\u9762\u91cc\u914d\u7136\u540e\u4fdd\u5b58). \u4f7f\u7528 <<\/code> \u548c ><\/code> \u6765\u5207\u6362\u9ad8\u4eae\u5217 (\u5373\u6309\u4ec0\u4e48\u53c2\u6570\u6392\u5e8f)<\/p>\n
free<\/h4>\n
free      # \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u72b6\u51b5, \u5355\u4f4d byte\nfree -m   # \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u72b6\u51b5, \u5355\u4f4d MB, \u53c2\u6570\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f -g, -k \u7b49\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
ps<\/h4>\n
ps        # \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\nps -aux   # \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\nps -elf   # \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u8fd0\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6b64\u5904\u4ec5\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5, \u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8bf7 ps --help<\/code> \u6216 man ps<\/code> \u67e5\u770b\u4e86\u89e3. \u901a\u8fc7 ps<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u5408\u4e0d\u540c\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53f7 (PID), \u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53f7 (PPID), \u4ee5\u53ca\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u7b49<\/p>\n
kill \/ killall<\/h4>\n
kill 1984         # \u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53f7\u4e3a 1984 \u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\nkill -9 1984      # \u5f3a\u5236\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b 1984\nkillall snoop     # \u7ec8\u6b62\u6240\u6709\u540d\u4e3a imas \u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\nkillall -9 snoop  # \u5f3a\u5236\u7ec8\u6b62\u6240\u6709\u540d\u4e3a imas \u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
w \/ who<\/h4>\n
w       # \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u9646\u7528\u6237\nwho     # \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u9646\u7528\u6237\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f, \u4e24\u8005\u663e\u793a\u5185\u5bb9\u6709\u533a\u522b\nwhoami  # \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u662f\u7528\u54ea\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u540d\u767b\u9646\u7684\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7ba1\u9053\u548c\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570<\/h3>\n
\u7ba1\u9053<\/h4>\n
>               # \u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\n.\/a.out > file  # \u5c06 a.out \u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u6210\u6587\u4ef6 file\n>>              # \u8ffd\u52a0\u5230\u672b\u5c3e\n.\/a.out >> file # \u5c06 a.out \u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8ffd\u52a0\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6587\u4ef6 file \u7684\u672b\u5c3e\n|               # \u8f93\u51fa\u6210\u7ba1\u9053\n.\/a.out | .\/b   # \u5c06 a.out \u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u7ba1\u9053, \u4f5c\u4e3a b \u7684\u8f93\u5165\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570<\/h4>\n
$1\/$2\/...\/$N    # \u7b2c 1, 2, ... , N \u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\n$*              # \u6240\u6709\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\n$#              # \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u4e2a\u6570\n$$              # \u5f53\u524d\u6240\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53f7\n$?              # \u4e0a\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9 shell \u7684\u503c\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u5173<\/h3>\n
pwd<\/h4>\n
pwd             # \u5217\u4e3e\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
cd<\/h4>\n
cd dirname      # \u8fdb\u5165\u76ee\u5f55 dirname\ncd ..           # \u8fdb\u5165\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\ncd -            # \u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u76ee\u5f55 (\u4ece\u54ea\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u8df3\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u7684)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
mv<\/h4>\n
mv a b          # \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u5939 a \u5230 b (\u8986\u76d6\u4e3a b)\nmv a dir_b\/     # \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u5939 a \u5230\u76ee\u5f55 dir_b \u4e0b (\u5728 dir_b \u7684\u5185\u90e8)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
cp<\/h4>\n
cp a b          # \u62f7\u8d1d\u6587\u4ef6 a \u5230 b (\u8986\u76d6\u4e3a b)\ncp a b\/         # \u62f7\u8d1d\u6587\u4ef6 a \u5230\u76ee\u5f55 dir_b \u4e0b (\u5728 dir_b \u7684\u5185\u90e8)\ncp -r dir_a b   # \u62f7\u8d1d\u76ee\u5f55 dir_a \u4e3a b (\u8986\u76d6\u4e3a b)\ncp -r a dir_b\/  # \u62f7\u8d1d\u76ee\u5f55 a \u5230\u76ee\u5f55 dir_b \u4e0b (\u5728 dir_b \u7684\u5185\u90e8)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
rm<\/h4>\n
rm a            # \u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6 a\nrm -r dir_a     # \u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55 dir_a\nrm -rf dir_a    # \u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55 dir_a \u53ca\u5185\u90e8\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
rm -rf<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u5a01\u529b\u5de8\u5927, \u614e\u7528, \u7279\u522b\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u628a\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u5199\u9519\u7a7a\u683c\u6210 rm -rf \/ xxx<\/code> \u8fd9\u6837, \u4f1a\u5220\u6389\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
touch<\/h4>\n
touch a         # \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6 a \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728, \u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6 a\n                # \u5426\u5219\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6 a \u7684\u6700\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
mkdir<\/h4>\n
mkdir dir_a     # \u5efa\u7acb\u76ee\u5f55 a\nmkdir -p a\/b    # \u9012\u5f52\u5efa\u7acb\u76ee\u5f55 a\/b, \u5982\u679c\u76ee\u5f55 a \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728, \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5efa\u7acb\u76ee\u5f55 a\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f85\u7eed<\/h4>\n
    \n
  • find<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u76f8\u5173<\/h3>\n
    cat<\/h4>\n
    cat file_a      # \u5c06\u6587\u4ef6 file_a \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8f93\u51fa\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    head<\/h4>\n
    head file_a     # \u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6 file_a \u7684\u524d 10 \u884c (\u9ed8\u8ba4)\nhead -200 a     # \u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6 a \u7684\u524d 200 \u884c (\u7531 -nnn \u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    tail<\/h4>\n
    tail file_a     # \u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6 file_a \u7684\u672b\u5c3e 10 \u884c (\u9ed8\u8ba4)\ntail -200 a     # \u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6 a \u7684\u672b\u5c3e 200 \u884c (\u7531 -nnn \u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a)\ntail -f file_a  # \u66f4\u65b0\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6 a \u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u5185\u5bb9\n                # (\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u6709\u66f4\u65b0\u5219\u4e00\u76f4\u8f93\u51fa, \u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6765\u770b\u6eda\u52a8\u65e5\u5fd7, \u4f7f\u7528 Ctrl-c \u9000\u51fa)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u884c, \u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u522b\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5, \u53ea\u80fd\u7528 head<\/code>\/tail<\/code> \u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528, \u6bd4\u5982<\/p>\n
    head -5000 file_a | tail -10    # \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6 file_a \u7684 4991~5000 \u884c\ntail -200 file_a | head -10     # \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6 file_a \u7684\u5012\u6570 200~191 \u884c\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    less<\/h4>\n
    less file_a     # \u67e5\u770b file_a \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    less<\/code> \u8fdb\u53bb\u4e86\u540e\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4 (\u57fa\u672c\u540c vim)<\/p>\n
    h\/j\/k\/l         # \u5149\u6807\u5de6\/\u4e0b\/\u4e0a\/\u53f3\u79fb\u52a8\ng\/G             # \u6587\u4ef6\u5934\/\u5c3e\n\/               # \u5411\u540e\u641c\u7d22\nn\/N             # \u641c\u7d22\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\/\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u4f4d\u7f6e\nq               # \u9000\u51fa\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u7b80\u5355\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u76f8\u5173<\/h3>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u610f\u6307\u660e, \u672c\u90e8\u5206\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5747\u4e3a\u5904\u7406\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6, \u4e14\u90fd\u662f\u7528 t<\/code> \u5206\u5272\u7684\u884c\u5217\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6. \u5f88\u591a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26, \u8bf7\u81ea\u884c man<\/code> \u67e5\u770b\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n
    grep<\/h4>\n
    grep \"pat\" a    # \u8fc7\u6ee4\u6587\u4ef6 a \u5185\u6709 pat \u7684\u884c\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    grep<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u53c2\u6570\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e30\u5bcc, \u7528 man grep<\/code> \u6216 grep --help<\/code> \u770b\u770b. \u4e2d\u95f4\u7684 “pat” \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a shell \u89c4\u8303\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/p>\n
    cut<\/h4>\n
    cut -f1 file_a  # \u5c06\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6 file_a \u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u8f93\u51fa\ncut -f1,3,5 a   # \u5c06\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6 a \u7684\u7b2c 1, 3, 5 \u5217\u8f93\u51fa\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    sort<\/h4>\n
    sort file_a     # \u6309\u5b57\u7b26\u5e8f\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6 file_a \u6309\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa (\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7528\u6574\u884c)\nsort -n file_a  # \u6309\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6 file_a \u6309\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\nsort -n -r a    # \u6309\u6570\u5b57\u5012\u5e8f\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6 a \u6309\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\nsort -k2,3 -n a # \u6309\u7b2c 2 \u5230\u7b2c 3 \u5b57\u6bb5, \u4ee5\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6 file_a \u6309\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    sort<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u53c2\u6570\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e30\u5bcc, \u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26, \u6309\u6570\u5b57\u5e8f\u6216\u662f\u5426\u5012\u5e8f, \u4ee5\u54ea\u4e9b\u5217\u4e3a key \u7b49, \u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u5230. \u8fd8\u662f\u90a3\u53e5\u8bdd, man sort<\/code> \u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a<\/p>\n
    uniq<\/h4>\n
    uniq file_a     # \u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5e8f\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6 file_a \u53bb\u91cd\u8f93\u51fa, \u4ec5\u4fdd\u7559\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u884c\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    uniq<\/code> \u7684\u8f93\u5165\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u7684, \u5426\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u505a\u5230\u53bb\u91cd, \u5982 a\/a\/b\/a \u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa a\/b\/a \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u6709 a\/b<\/p>\n
    wc<\/h4>\n
    wc file_a       # \u7edf\u8ba1\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6 file_a \u7684\u884c\u6570, \u5355\u8bcd\u6570, \u5b57\u7b26\u6570\nwc -l file_a    # \u7edf\u8ba1\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6 file_a \u7684\u884c\u6570\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n
    \u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u547d\u4ee4\u5927\u591a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528, \u5f97\u5230\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u7ed3\u679c, \u6bd4\u5982<\/p>\n
    head -5000 file_a | grep \"yewen\" | cut -f1 | sort | uniq | wc -l\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6 file_a \u7684\u524d 5000 \u884c\u4e2d, \u5305\u62ec\u6709 yewen<\/span> \u7684\u884c\u4e2d, \u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u7684\u503c\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u914d\u5408 awk<\/code>\/sed<\/code> \u7b49\u884c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668, \u57fa\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u641e\u5b9a\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n
    \u5f85\u7eed<\/h4>\n
      \n
    • diff<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u5173<\/h3>\n
      ssh<\/h4>\n
      ssh yewen@w.yewen.us            # \u4ee5 yewen \u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u767b\u9646\u5230 w.yewen.us \u8fd9\u53f0\u673a\u5668\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      scp<\/h4>\n
      scp a yewen@w.yewen.us:~\/       # \u5c06\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6 a \u8fdc\u7a0b\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230 w.yewen.us \u7684 yewen \u5e10\u53f7\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\n                                # \u5728\u8fdc\u7a0b\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u5e10\u53f7 yewen \u64cd\u4f5c\nscp -r dir yewen@w.yewen.us:~\/  # \u5c06\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u5939 dir \u8fdc\u7a0b\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230 w.yewen.us \u7684 yewen \u5e10\u53f7\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\nscp -r a b yewen@w.yewen.us:~\/  # \u5c06\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\/\u6587\u4ef6\u5939 a, b \u8fdc\u7a0b\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230 w.yewen.us:~\/ \u4e0b\n                                # scp \u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\/\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u65f6, \u63a8\u8350\u662f\u672c\u5730\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f, \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\u5199\u591a\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      wget<\/h4>\n
      # \u83b7\u53d6\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u672c\u5730\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b, \u4fdd\u6301\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e0d\u53d8\nwget ftp:\/\/w.yewen.us\/home\/yewen\/.bashrc\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u672c\u5730, \u4ee5\u540d\u5b57 c \u5b58\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u8def\u5f84\u7684 a\/b\/ \u4e0b\nwget ftp:\/\/w.yewen.us\/home\/yewen\/.bashrc -O a\/b\/c\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u4fee\u6539\u4e0b\u8f7d\u8def\u5f84\u7528\u7684\u662f\u5927\u5199 -O<\/code> \u53c2\u6570, \u5c0f\u5199 -o<\/code> \u662f\u8f93\u51fa\u83b7\u53d6\u65e5\u5fd7<\/p>\n
      wget<\/code> \u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e00\u5806\u4e00\u5806\u7684, \u6709\u770b\u5230\u522b\u4eba\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5b66\u7740\u70b9\u5427, \u8981\u4e0d\u5c31\u81ea\u5df1 man wget<\/code> \u6765\u7814\u7a76<\/p>\n
      lftp<\/h4>\n
      lftp<\/code> \u4f1a\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u5bf9\u65b9\u673a\u5668\u4e0a, \u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d, $<\/code> \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u662f\u672c\u673a\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26, ><\/code> \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u662f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26, \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f<\/p>\n
      # ftp \u533f\u540d\u767b\u9646\u5230 w.yewen.us, \u5e76\u8fdb\u5165 \/home\/yewen \u76ee\u5f55\n$ lftp ftp:\/\/w.yewen.us\/home\/yewen\n# \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\n> pwd\n# \u8fdb\u5165\u76ee\u5f55 a\n> cd a\n# \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\n> ls\n# \u5c06 ftp \u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6587\u4ef6 file_a \u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u672c\u5730\n> get file_a\n# \u5c06\u672c\u673a\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6587\u4ef6 file_b \u4e0a\u4f20\u81f3 ftp \u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\n> put file_b\n# \u9000\u51fa ftp\n> exit\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u529f\u80fd\u589e\u5f3a\u76f8\u5173<\/h3>\n
      screen<\/h4>\n
      screen<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5f00\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6258\u7ba1\u7ec8\u7aef\u5e76\u7ba1\u7406. \u5f00\u542f\u7684 screen<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\u540e\u8fd8\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c, \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u518d\u6b21\u767b\u9646\u540e\u5feb\u901f\u6062\u590d\u81ea\u5df1\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c. \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u653e\u5230\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f, \u9664\u4e86\u7528 nohup<\/code> \u5916\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 screen<\/code> \u91cc\u8fd0\u884c. \u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n
      # \u5f00\u542f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 screen \u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u540d\u5b57\u4e3a yewen\n$ screen -S yewen\n# \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684 screen \u6709\u54ea\u4e9b (Attached \u662f\u5df2\u6062\u590d\u7684, Detached \u7684\u6302\u8d77\u7684)\n$ screen -ls\n# \u6062\u590d\u5230 yewen \u8fd9\u4e2a screen \u91cc\n$ screen -r yewen\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      screen<\/code> \u91cc\u9762\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u662f\u7528 Ctrl^a<\/code> \u8fdb\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f, \u518d\u6267\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4, \u5217\u51e0\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684<\/p>\n
      Ctrl^a Esc \u8fdb\u5165\u62f7\u8d1d\u6a21\u5f0f, \u53ef\u4ee5 PageUp\/PageDown \u770b\u8be5 screen \u91cc\u7684\u4e0a\u9762\u5c4f\u5e55\u7684\u5185\u5bb9 (\u76f4\u63a5\u62d6\u6eda\u52a8\u6761\u662f\u4e0d\u884c\u7684)\nq \u9000\u51fa\u62f7\u8d1d\u6a21\u5f0f\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u591a screen<\/code> \u7684\u63a7\u5236, \u6211\u914d\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u5feb\u6377\u952e, \u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u6211\u7684 .screenrc<\/code> \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u6700\u4e0b\u9762\u770b\u5230<\/p>\n
      F8    # \u65b0\u5f00\u542f\u4e00\u4e2a screen \u7a97\u53e3\nF9    # \u91cd\u547d\u540d\u5f53\u524d screen \u7a97\u53e3\nF10   # \u6302\u8d77\u5f53\u524d screen (\u6302\u8d77\u9000\u51fa, \u540e\u7eed\u53ef\u4ee5\u6062\u590d)\nF11   # \u5207\u6362\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a screen \u7a97\u53e3\nF12   # \u5207\u6362\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a screen \u7a97\u53e3\nexit  # \u9000\u51fa\u5f53\u524d screen \u7a97\u53e3 (\u76f4\u63a5\u9000\u51fa, \u4f46\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u5f53\u524d screen \u4e0b\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7a97\u53e3\n      #                        \u5982\u679c\u662f\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3, \u5219\u9000\u51fa\u6574\u4e2a screen)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      history \/ Ctrl^R<\/h4>\n
      history<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4. “\u8fc7\u53bb” \u662f\u6307\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u9646\u4f1a\u8bdd\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd, \u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u540c\u4e00\u7528\u6237\u8fd8\u6709\u522b\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd, \u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u522b\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u91cc\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55.<\/p>\n
      Ctrl^R<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u91cf\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u547d\u4ee4 (\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5728 history<\/code> \u91cc\u76f4\u63a5\u641c\u7d22)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      vimrc set nocompatible ” \u975e vi \u517c\u5bb9\u6a21\u5f0f syntax on ” \u8272\u5f69\u9ad8\u4eae set […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/full-page.php","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1964","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/P4aR5e-vG","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yewen.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1964","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yewen.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yewen.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yewen.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yewen.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1964"}],"version-history":[{"count":29,"href":"https:\/\/www.yewen.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1964\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2005,"href":"https:\/\/www.yewen.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1964\/revisions\/2005"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yewen.us\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1964"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}